This is a comprehensive overview of the Russian struggle against Napoleon. The author begins with the political maneuverings after the Peace of Tilsit in 1807 and carries through to the Allied entrance into Paris in 1814. The main focus is on Russian political and military affairs beginning with the invasion by Napoleon in 1812 and continuing on to the peace of 1814.

Most people are familiar with the 1812 campaign, but the author spends time dissecting why Napoleon’s invasion failed, and shows that it was not a matter of chance and a severe winter; instead the Russians had planned carefully on how best to defeat the French. What is interesting to me is the author’s discussion of the 1813 and 1814 campaigns; both in terms of the politics of the alliance and the actual military events. This is often glossed over, beyond a brief mention of the battle of Leipzig. The French did not collapse after the failed invasion of Russia, and much political skill was required by Tsar Alexander to coax the Austrians into the Russian and Prussian alliance. Despite the failure of the 1812 campaign, the defeat of the French was by no means a foregone conclusion.

The internal Russian politics both inside and outside of the army are also discussed at length. The triumph of Russian arms is in no small part a triumph for Alexander and his vision of how to best fight the French and ensure peace for Russia.

As an aside, it is refreshing to read a military history where logistics are discussed at length. The Russian supply system was one of the crucial factors in the eventual victory of the Allies.

I really enjoyed this book; it’s an alternative history based on the premise that JFK survived the assassination attempt in Dallas on November 22, 1963. It is an interesting exploration of the politics of the early and middle 1960’s; including a few scandals which were buried after Kennedy’s death. What people tend to forget is that JFK was a very cautious politician – he was keenly aware of his narrow mandate and never really acted unless he had to. Also, unlike his youngest brother, JFK was not particularly liberal.

Of course the most interesting question is what would have happened in terms of the US involvement in Vietnam, which the author handles in a believable way and shows an interesting connection to the civil rights movement. Granted, we’ll never know what really would have happened, but it’s a plausible story.

Jeff Greenfield is a well-known political writer and is the author of Then Everything Changed which is a collection of alternate history stories. He does a good job with this book, but once we get to 1966 or so, things start to drift a bit. Part of that is of course that the big questions have been answered by then. The book ends right before the presidential election in November 1968. If you like alternative histories, this is a good one.